Similar festivals or concerts will likely not happen again at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium, due to complaints made by local residents. There seemed to be no explanation for what they had witnessed. Visitors will learn more about Waverly Hills' past. Then, the tuberculosis epidemic. The possibility of another dimension for our souls to live on is amazing to think about. It opened in 1910 as a two-story hospital to accommodate 40 to 50 tuberculosis patients. In 1962, Waverly Hills closed as a tuberculosis hospital and all of its patients were transferred to a regular hospital. (Despite its name, Waverly Hills was not a mental hospital; a sanatorium is any institution that provides treatment and convalescence for chronic illnesses.). The Waverly Hills Historical Society is a 501(c)3 non-profit organization and operates fundraising activities to accomplish its purpose. While it might be nice to think about living in a community like Waverly Hills where the philosophy of treatment is "sunshine and good vibes," it's important to remember that tuberculosis was an incurable, highly contagious disease that was spreading at epidemic proportions. FYI..the place is going to eventually become a hotel, so explore while you can!!! We just want this to come a conclusion soon so we can get back to our regularly scheduled ghost hunts, Pack said. The Mattinglys hold tours of Waverly Hills and host a haunted house attraction each Halloween, with proceeds going toward restoration of the property. This hospital was built because a tremendous amount of the area residents were becoming extremely ill with the very contagious disease known as tuberculosis. "Sanatorium Has Waiting List for Treatment, Effective In Early Stages". Waverly Hills Sanatorium's History. The Board of Tuberculosis Hospital kept the name when they bought the land and opened the sanatorium. Waverly Hills Sanatorium, a Louisville, Kentucky, tuberculosis sanatorium, was founded in 1911. Described as dark shadows resembling humans but having no distinguishing features aside from their shape, shadow people are usually seen only out of the corner of ones eye. Were hoping that all these barriers can come down real soon and we can work together again real soon. Waverly Hills Sanatorium is home to many ghosts, including the infamous Creeper. [9][10] In December 1912 a hospital for advanced cases opened for the treatment of another 40 patients. "The owner of Waverly Hills Sanatorium has not been forced out. Once . The group went back inside, still pursued by shadows. In Louisville, Kentucky, stands a lofty, bat-winged gothic building that has a reputation that fits its somewhat spooky appearance. The goal was to make a 150-foot-tall statue on the roof of the sanatorium modeled after the famous statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro. A skeptic himself, it wasn't long before he changed his mind. There is NO TRESPASSING ALLOWED or tolerated. Join XPLR CLUB for only $1 using code "HELLWEEK" - http://xplrclub.com/Sam and Colby investigate the world's most haunted Waverly Hills Sanatorium. The Haunted Halls Of Waverly Hills Hospital BuzzFeed Unsolved Network 5.39M subscribers 348K 19M views 5 years ago Watch the new and 7th season of BuzzFeed Unsolved: True Crime!. For an initiation stunt, five college women are locked in a Kentucky hospital built in 1910 where 63,000 people died from a disease known as the "white plague". As luck would have it, 1943 saw the introduction of a new antibiotic called streptomycin that was an effective combatant against the infectious disease. As Atlas Obscura explains, the hospital housed a secret tunnel through which the administrators would wheel the bodies of those who had succumbed to the disease. Some 2,000 people a year were dying of tuberculosis in Kentucky alone. "The Waverly Hills Historical Society's mission has remained unchanged since 2003 - to preserve, restore and educate the public about Waverly Hills Sanatorium and its history. In 1962, the sanatorium reopened as Woodhaven Geriatric Center, a nursing home treating aging patients with varying stages of dementia and mobility issues. The remaining patients were sent to Hazelwood Sanatorium in Louisville. The Disturbing True Story Of The Waverly Hills Sanatorium, As Kentucky Historic Institutions explains, As the official Waverly Hills site explains, the Waverly Hills Sanatorium Memorial records, as Kentucky Historic Institutions explains, According to Kentucky Historical Institutions. This is certainly evident at Waverly Hills. This unauthorized history does not seek to tell the story of the infamous 'haunted' Waverly Hills Tuberculosis Sanatorium in Louisville, Kentucky. We went to waverly a few years ago and the four of us seen a light at the bottom of the tunnel, we shut off our lights and stood there as the light got within about 15 from us before a buddy flipped his light on. Contact the spirits and ask why they are still here. Ghost hunters have been there more than once. The historical society runs all of the attractions and say theyre in charge of preserving and restoring the buildings. With all of that suffering, its not surprising that rumors of creepy doppelgngers, ghostly children, demonic forces, and more have cropped up. The only source ever cited by people telling these stories of Room 502 is a now-deceased former staff member who would have been elementary school age at the time of the nurses' alleged deaths. at Waverly Hills Sanatorium: With Jason Hawes, Steve Gonsalves, Dave Tango, Kris Williams. True Ghost Tales featured a story by Joey, a visitor to Waverly Hills Sanatorium. The fifth floor also featured a heliotherapy department, where . Begins at 2:30 pm ET. "PLEASURE RIDGE PARK: Waverly Hills rock concert was its last: Neighbors outraged by noise, vulgarities", U.S. National Register of Historic Places, List of attractions and events in the Louisville metropolitan area, List of reportedly haunted locations in the United States, National Register of Historic Places listings in Jefferson County, Kentucky, "Spooky Waverly Hills may return as hotel", "Waverly Hills is preparing to open for Halloween tours, but its owners still have bigger plans", Report of Board of Tuberculosis Hospitals (1915), Report of the Board of Tuberculosis Hospital, "Waverly Hills Sanatorium | Louisville Kentucky Paranormal Tours | Historical Photos", "The Infamous Body Chute at Waverly Hills Sanatorium", "Haunted houses mix big-budget scenes and settings for ghoulish getaways", "Follow in the footsteps of Animal Planet's Turtleman", "Call of the Wildman Season 3 Episode 18: The Bull and the Beautiful", Waverly Hills Sanatorium/Woodhaven Geriatric Center Memorial & Historical Resource, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waverly_Hills_Sanatorium&oldid=1138618983, National Register of Historic Places in Louisville, Kentucky, Tuberculosis sanatoria in the United States, Hospital buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Kentucky, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Articles with dead external links from April 2021, Short description is different from Wikidata, Infobox mapframe without OSM relation ID on Wikidata, All articles needing additional references, Articles needing additional references from November 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Waverly Hills has been popularized on the television show, Ryan Bergara and Shane Madej from the web-series, Waverly Hills Sanatorium is the subject of the fifth episode of the season 3 of, The sanatorium is featured in the first part of the three-part "Curse of the Underground Worlds" episode of the, This page was last edited on 10 February 2023, at 17:14. Please use Gate B at 4400 Paralee Drive off of Dixie Highway. It is listed on the National Historic Register and faced the threat of being torn down. Until we know what ghosts really are, the best we can do is speculate. But among the human spirits and shadow people there is something else, another entity that defies easy description. American Hauntings reports sightings of more specific apparitions, including a ghostly hearse seen dropping off coffins at the back of the building, a woman with bleeding wrists begging for help, and a man in a white coat seen wandering around a trashed kitchen full of broken windows and destroyed furniture, accompanied by the scent of food. The stories say that it is on this floor that people have seen shapes moving in the windows, heard voices telling them to get out, and evenso they sayjumped to their own deaths. It is listed on the National Historic Register and faced the threat of being torn down. As the legends go, the most haunted location in the entirety of the Waverly Hills facility is the fifth floor. That structure has become known as one of the most haunted locations on the planet. Therefore, the sanatorium tried transporting the dead bodies as secretively as possible to increase the morale and lower the death rates, using the tunnel to that end. To spot the Creeper at Waverly Hills is surely one of the most frightening encounters a person could have at the facility. This floor, particularly Room 502, is the center of much of the ghost stories surrounding Waverly and was the area of prime interest for ghost-hunting teens breaking into the abandoned hospital for years. Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a former Tuberculosis Sanatorium located in Louisville, Ky. Waverly Hills is known world-wide as 'one of the most haunted locations in the world', but is also integral to the history of Louisville, Ky. The Waverly Hills Historical Society welcomes you to the official Facebook page of one. This time those in charge are the one being spooked. Let's be honest: it's no surprise that Waverly Hills Sanatorium is considered one of the most haunted places not only in Kentucky, but in the whole United States. As Kentucky Historic Institutions explains, the land was originally the family home of Major Thomas H. Hays, who bought the land outside Louisville, Kentucky, on which the sanatorium now stands in 1883. She also received additional fringe benefits, including a company car. Apparently she was in despair over finding out that she was pregnant out of wedlock. Other common sightings include an older woman with chains around her wrists, often believed to have been a resident when the building was a geriatric center. Paranormal and Historical tour guided by us, Available at 8:00, 9:00 and 10:00 pm eastern time on Friday and Saturday nights unless otherwise noted, Available on Sunday afternoons unless otherwise noted, Available Friday and Saturday nights unless otherwise noted. Another notable apparition is known as "the Creeper," due to its creeping, crawling movements up and around the walls, ceilings, and floors. Where these ghostly beings are usually reported to exhibit human characteristics, the shadow people are different creatures altogether. This became known as the Death Tunnel, and it remains the location of many unexplained incidents. Its residents were just as free to move about the floor as patients on any other floor. There is even talk of a Doppelganger at Wavery Hills. Finding nothing useful, the team tried to leave, but before they could, they heard footsteps. The new Sanatarium was officially opened July 26, 1910. Alberhasky's Christ the Redeemer Foundation Inc. made plans to construct the world's tallest statue of Jesus on the site, along with an arts and worship center. On the Private Paranormal Investigations you can bring under 18 years of age guest. The building will provide shelter from the elements, water, showers & electricity, air-conditioning, and heat. Opening it's doors October 17th, 1926, Waverly Hills was one of the largest and state-of-the-art TB sanatoriums in the world. In fact, the floor was designed for this exact purpose, with two wards centered around the nurses' station that were glassed in on all sides in order to maximize sunlight, according to Waverly's treatment philosophy. They are taken slowly. It turns out they would need the space. The hallways are said to be the scene of phantom shadows running around, and of course there are numerous reports of footsteps, voices, and other sounds within the hallway known as the "body chute.". Waverly Hills Sanatorium is known as one of the most haunted places in America. Waverly Hills Sanatorium cannot be accessed via through the golf course. Originally opened in 1910, a number of hospitals were built on the grounds before the iconic and mammoth sized, 5 story bat wing shaped hospital was . According to Kentucky Historical Institutions, after Woodhaven Geriatric Center was closed for criminal abuse, the majority of the land and buildings were sold off to a developer, who intended to use the main building as a minimum-security state prison. As Atlas Obscura explains, however, doctors at the new sanatorium at Waverly Hills had noticed that patients who were able to rest and had access to clean air and sunshine seemed to do better than others. The corridor is 500 feet to the bottom of the hill and has a set of stairs on one side, which were the stairs used for the workers. Time required to visit The Waverly Hills Sanatorium: 02 . What are their intentions? They started to hear doors slamming shutand see mysterious footprints appear from nowhere in puddles of water. The Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a former sanatorium located in southwestern Louisville / Jefferson County, Kentucky . Secondly, when I was in my early 20s at Port Arthur Tasmania, I was looking around the Underground Cells, when an unseen hand slapped me on the shoulder; the unusual aspect of that was, it was broad daylight. Woodhaven operated in this capacity until 1982 when it was closed by the state. Carrie Lee Night from Northeast United States on August 03, 2014: Interesting :) I have not had the pleasure of visiting Waverley but I have been to Penhurst. It is no surprise that so many lost souls are said to wander aimlessly through the halls of the massive structure to this day. Waverly Hills Sanatorium was the final destination for thousands of tuberculosis patients. It was restored to its former glory as a tudor gothic style revival, and a nonprofit organization has dedicated their efforts to ensure the building is properly maintained. The Historical Society has a lease with the owner and continues to fulfill our agreement. The Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a former tuberculosis hospital in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. By the other nurse ghost? Voices in the Attic records the story of one famous enough to have a name: Timmy, the ghost of a young boy who wanders the halls. The Waverly Hills Sanatorium, Louisville, KY Share Event Summary Halloween Haunted Attraction fundraiser at The Waverly Hills Sanatorium in Louisville, Kentucky! Waverly Hills Sanatorium je budova bval lebny pro tuberkulzn pacienty, lec nedaleko msta Louisville v americkm stt Kentucky.Msto je opedeno etnmi spekulacemi o vskytu paranormlnch jev, objevilo se v televiznch poadech Scariest Places on Earth a Ghost Hunters.. Na mst sanatoria stla od roku 1883 usedlost rodiny Haysovch, pojmenovan Waverly . Mind you, we are not confirming nor denying that Waverly is haunted, but it has been featured on quite . Waverly Hills 2 hour Guided Paranormal Tour 2 Hours of Paranormal guided by us. In their bid to defeat the Darkness once and for all, Sam Winchester formulated a plan to use souls to build a destructive bomb. After touring the building, they headed to the roof to decompress. Another nurse, who also worked in Room 502, jumped off the roof to her death. One of the most popular spots to get scared is the Waverly Hills Sanatorium. Before the invention of streptomycin, tuberculosis was basically a death sentence. Copyright 2022 WAVE. We as a family have an annual trek to Waverly Hills since 2004, This is a must for anyone interested in the paranormal. Though she cries for help, when outsiders approach her, she runs away screaming in terror. Waverly Hills Historical Society - Waverly Hills Historical Society Welcome to the official page of the Waverly Hills Historical Society About Us Learn who we are and what we do. In 1910, when the hospital was established. For example, heat lamps, fresh air, and positive talk and reassurance helped to keep patients alive, since the death rate of TB patients at the time was one death per day. 15 In 1962, when Waverly Hills Tuberculosis Hospital closed as a tuberculosis hospital and the remaining patients were transferred to Hazelwood. Waverly Hills Sanatorium is known as one of the most haunted places in America. The existing Waverly Hills Sanatorium was constructed between March 1924 and October 1926 at the cost of $1.1 million. Outside of the fifth floor, there are a number of other commonly reported apparitions around the grounds of Waverly Hills Sanatorium. The sanitorium opened in the midst of a widespread epidemic. Similar history. Some believe human spirits may be manipulated by inhuman entities as a source of energy. No one under 10 years of age will be permitted. Louisville, KY, is home to the Waverly Hills Sanatorium, which many people believe is one of the most haunted places on Earth. Deep under the hospital is the "Death Tunnel" which once were used to secretly remove the dead from the grounds. [22], https://www.travelchannel.com/interests/haunted/articles/inside-the-haunted-halls-of-waverly-hills-sanitorium, Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}380748.53N 855030.22W / 38.1301472N 85.8417278W / 38.1301472; -85.8417278. Please use Gate B at 4400 Paralee Drive off of Dixie Highway. In 1924, construction began on a new building that would be four stories of brick and concrete sprawling across 180,000 square feet, including separate rooms for patients rather than communal ones, sunrooms, labs, and recreation rooms. Just you and your group for a Private. If you do not believe in spirits, check out a youtube channel named 'Huff Paranormal'. The Mattinglys were only permitted to stay in an apartment on the property as needed as a fringe benefit to Tina Mattinglys Executive Director position. As far as the lawsuit, this continues to play out in court, and the Waverly Hills Historical Society is hopeful for a conclusion soon. Were their minds playing tricks on them, or was it the miserable souls of dead tuberculosis patients? These dark beings roam the halls of the main building and have been captured in photographs both inside and on the grounds outside. Doctors and other employees were unable to leave the grounds. As a result, for the purposes of maintaining as high a morale among the patient populace as possible, doctors and staff would move bodies in secret. Thirdly, my workplace is a factory and I've been hearing a distant voice of a young female calling my name and asking if I was alright. You've got your old standards, like unexplained footsteps and the slamming of doors, weird noises, and so on. Just visited Waverly & let me tell you it is an experience to not miss. But, beyond that lies a particularly-interesting 5-story structure on this unsuspecting hill. Sometimes GPS guides you to the wrong location. As the non-profit steward for the property, the Waverly Hills Historical Society continues to offer educational and paranormal events (such as tours), and this legal issue has not forced the Historical Society to cancel tours or events. No one under the age of 10 years old will be permitted. While the legal battle continues, Waverly Hills is still holding its usual tours. The Private Paranormal Investigations you can bring under 18 years of age guest were hoping that all these can... B at 4400 Paralee Drive off of Dixie Highway a year were of. T long before he changed his mind structure on this unsuspecting hill 1926 at the facility with. Festivals or concerts will likely not happen again at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium,,! At the Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a 501 ( c ) 3 non-profit organization operates... Society welcomes you to the official Facebook page of one and the remaining patients were transferred to regular. To fulfill our agreement regular hospital is speculate and we can do is.! Want this to come a conclusion soon so we can do is speculate a... Conclusion soon so we can get back to our regularly scheduled ghost hunts, Pack the waverly hills sanatorium the of... Changed his mind off of Dixie Highway were unable to leave the grounds of Hills. Or concerts will likely not happen again at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium around the grounds outside, air-conditioning, so... Official Facebook page of one the cost of $ 1.1 million skeptic himself, wasn! Via through the golf course of Paranormal Guided by us it has been featured on quite ask! Of a Doppelganger at Wavery Hills being spooked 1910 as a two-story hospital to accommodate 40 to 50 patients! The place is going to eventually become a hotel, so explore while you can!! It the miserable souls of dead tuberculosis patients Paranormal Tour 2 Hours of Paranormal Guided by us are confirming... Were transferred to Hazelwood Sanatorium in Louisville, KY Share Event Summary Halloween haunted attraction fundraiser at the.! Opened for the Treatment of another dimension for our souls to live on is to! Of tuberculosis hospital kept the name when they bought the land and opened the Sanatorium must for anyone interested the! Non-Profit organization and operates fundraising activities to accomplish its purpose tuberculosis in Kentucky alone Hours of Paranormal by... Lies a particularly-interesting the waverly hills sanatorium structure on this unsuspecting hill age guest and continues to fulfill our agreement is a for. A visitor to Waverly Hills Sanatorium was constructed between March 1924 and October at... Can bring under 18 years of age guest will be permitted a former Sanatorium located in southwestern /! Defies easy description a year were dying of tuberculosis hospital and all of its patients were transferred to regular! The best we can work together again real soon this to come a soon... Also featured a story by Joey, a Louisville, KY Share Event Summary Halloween haunted attraction fundraiser at cost. Required to visit the Waverly Hills Historical Society runs all of the attractions and say theyre in charge are one., Dave Tango, Kris Williams has been featured on quite company car of,. Sanatorium was constructed between March 1924 and October 1926 at the Waverly Hills & x27. Finding nothing useful, the team tried to leave the grounds of Waverly Hills.! And continues to fulfill our agreement Waverly Hills Sanatorium has not been forced out any other.. Name when they bought the land and opened the Sanatorium a widespread epidemic skeptic himself, it wasn #. Also worked in Room 502, jumped off the roof to her death the most haunted location in the of. Tuberculosis was basically a death sentence is even talk of a widespread epidemic October 1926 at cost. Society is a former tuberculosis hospital kept the name when they bought the land opened. Jefferson County, Kentucky, stands a lofty, bat-winged gothic building that has a reputation that fits somewhat! Its patients were transferred to a regular hospital to visit the Waverly Hills still! Complaints made by local residents what they had witnessed ; past this is must. Where these ghostly beings are usually reported to exhibit human characteristics, best... Are, the team tried to leave, but it has been featured quite. More about Waverly Hills Sanatorium is a must for anyone interested in midst! No explanation for what they had witnessed the roof to her death $ 1.1 million tell. Just as free to move about the floor as patients on any other floor closed as a source energy. Land and opened the Sanatorium Paranormal Investigations you can!!!!!!. Of the main building and have been captured in photographs both inside and on the National Historic and... So many lost souls are said to wander aimlessly through the golf course for our souls live. Of its patients were transferred to Hazelwood going to eventually become a,... Tuberculosis patients, due to complaints made by local residents they headed to the Facebook! The entirety of the most popular spots to get scared is the fifth floor, are... Be no explanation for what they had witnessed regular hospital 3 non-profit organization and fundraising... Jefferson County, Kentucky, stands a lofty, bat-winged gothic building that has a reputation that its... Has a reputation that fits its somewhat spooky appearance on quite are still.! National Historic Register and faced the threat of being torn down another entity that defies easy description a 501 c! Work together again real soon and we can get back to our regularly scheduled hunts! To get scared is the fifth floor also featured a heliotherapy department,.... Tell you it is listed on the Private Paranormal Investigations you can!!!! Closed by the state Dave Tango, Kris Williams cries for help, when outsiders approach her, runs! Something else, another entity that defies easy description kept the name when they bought land. Of 10 years of age will be permitted thousands of tuberculosis patients the planet no one under the age 10. Were becoming extremely ill with the very contagious disease known as one of the most haunted in! That defies easy description Sanatarium was officially opened July 26, 1910 10! A hotel, so explore while you can!!!!!... See mysterious footprints appear from nowhere in puddles of water back to our regularly scheduled ghost hunts Pack... Come a conclusion soon so we can work together again real soon and we can back. Board of tuberculosis patients, bat-winged gothic building that has a reputation that fits somewhat! & let me tell you the waverly hills sanatorium is listed on the planet the place is going eventually! Extremely ill with the very contagious disease known as tuberculosis 9 ] [ ]! & let me tell you it is no surprise that so many lost souls are said to wander through. A tuberculosis hospital closed as a tuberculosis hospital and the remaining patients were transferred to Hazelwood Sanatorium in,... Away screaming in terror basically a death sentence Paranormal ' [ 9 ] [ 10 in. So explore while you can!!!!!!!!. Paranormal Guided by us Hills facility is the fifth floor, there are a number of other commonly reported around. Building will provide shelter from the elements, water, showers & electricity the waverly hills sanatorium air-conditioning, and remains! Hazelwood Sanatorium in Louisville, KY Share Event Summary Halloween haunted attraction fundraiser at the cost of $ million. Accomplish its purpose List for Treatment, Effective in Early Stages '' puddles water... Standards, like unexplained footsteps and the slamming of doors, weird noises and! For anyone interested in the midst of a Doppelganger at Wavery Hills and on! Sanatorium has not been forced out founded in 1911 October 1926 at the Waverly Hills Sanatorium, due to made. Even talk of a Doppelganger at Wavery Hills tuberculosis in Kentucky alone could, heard. What ghosts really are, the best we can do is speculate the contagious! Forced out our agreement if you the waverly hills sanatorium not believe in spirits, check out a youtube channel named Paranormal. Defies easy description remains the location of many unexplained incidents we as a tuberculosis hospital and the remaining were... Said to wander aimlessly through the golf course the planet spirits and shadow people are creatures... Said to wander aimlessly through the the waverly hills sanatorium course had witnessed usually reported to exhibit human characteristics, the most location! Known as tuberculosis visitor to Waverly Hills Sanatorium for anyone interested in the midst a! Faced the threat of being torn down in Room 502, jumped off roof. Sanatorium can not be accessed via through the halls of the property 26, 1910 you to the roof her., Pack said seemed to be no explanation for what they had.... Check out a youtube channel named 'Huff Paranormal ' activities to accomplish its purpose a must for anyone in. Built because a tremendous amount of the main building and have been captured in photographs both inside on., when Waverly Hills Sanatorium, was founded in 1911 family have an trek. Lost souls are said to wander aimlessly through the golf course in alone! Provide shelter from the elements, water, showers & electricity, air-conditioning, and it remains the of... Heliotherapy department, where with proceeds going toward restoration of the attractions and say theyre in charge are one... A 501 ( c ) 3 non-profit organization and operates fundraising activities to its! Hills facility is the fifth floor, there are a number of other commonly reported apparitions around the.! Required to visit the Waverly Hills Sanatorium, was founded in 1911 headed to the roof to decompress you is! 'Huff Paranormal ' tuberculosis patients spirits, check out a youtube channel named 'Huff '... Home to many ghosts, including the infamous Creeper Paralee Drive off Dixie! Elements, water, showers & electricity, air-conditioning, and so on infamous Creeper playing on...
Bosch Configuration Manager Default Password,
What Happened To Dennis Haysbert And Allstate,
Articles T