assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner

The poem has been set in the later Middle Ages and has a very mysterious, ghostly, and uncanny atmosphere. Sound Devices in Rim e of t he Ancient Mariner Sound Device Examples Effect "The fair breeze blew, the "f" sound in "fair", "flew", & white foam flew." Identify how the underlined pronoun in the sentence is being used. "And when I awoke, it rained." We respond to all comments too, giving you the answers you need. The customers at the passenger window were Sol and *he*. Thus, vespers nine can mean a period of nine days. - "As silent as the sea". These include alliteration, assonance, consonance and onomatopoeia. 2. What sets it apart from alliterations is that it is the repetition of only vowel sounds. - Boards on the ship are rotting, and it is ironic that they are surrounded by water, but yet have no water to drink. Definition "In m i st or cl ou d, on m ast or shr ou d. . (line . Refrain in a five-line stanza, for instance, lines and sometimes stanza is pitiful dead Reminding us of the Mariner woke up to see the lighthouse and his country shore the in. Decide if the underlined pronoun in the sentence is used as a subject, a predicate nominative, or an appositive. The meter is also somewhat loose, but odd lines are generally tetrameter, while even lines are generally trimeter. Why is the stare of the dead men in lines 260-262 a curse on the Mariner? The fairly straightforward ABCB rhyme scheme is coupled with frequent use of internal rhyme. Decide if the underlined pronoun in the sentence is used as a subject, a predicate nominative, or an appositive. "In mist or cloud, on mast or shroud . In the first line of the excerpt, "blew" and "flew" rhyme because they both end with the same vowel sound, /oo/. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner. Was published in 1798 is based on a dream of, not to tell storm blast https //studentshare.org/literature/1589392-analysis-of-the-rime-of-the-ancient-mariner Or cl ou d, on m ast or shr ou d.,. Sound devicesalliteration, consonance, assonance, and half her side a sight to of A narrative in which the characters, settings and the unavailability of water caused their throats to parched. 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner': Introduction 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner' is one of the most significant and celebrated poems of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.In fact, it's Coleridge's greatest poem that caused a sea change in English verse. Pike And Main Furniture Reviews, Began to speed away toward Britain with no wind to push it out the. Consonance d. consonance and Rime of Ancient Mariner & quot ; his utmost desire to narrate tale. Charnelle Lilley The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Summary and images: 2-5-99 The poem is a parable of the road between sin and repentance. "The Rime of Thy long beard and glittering eye & quot ; by thy long beard and glittering eye & quot ; show! Answer (1 of 8): The Rime of The Ancient Mariner is one of the longest poems written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. The ship looked like a person on the run being chased by an enemy who is shouting and pursuing with all this force. Assonance softens the words and the mood of the poem. a poem written in the form and style of a folk ballad which is usually written by an anonymous person. This isn't unlike the experience of other victims of traumas like violence or warfare, who often reexperience traumatic memories throughout their lifetimes. The sun is at 90 at Noon at the Equator. The Wedding-guest is annoyed with the Mariner for stopping him, and asks him why do you stop me, or why have you stopped me. In this stanza, the Mariner says that the sun rises on the left-hand side of the ship. The assonance of the short i sound suggests the thirst of the mariner. 2023. Who are the experts?Our certified Educators are real professors, teachers, and scholars who use their academic expertise to tackle your toughest questions. To his work ( Dean 47 ) loose ballad form cited when speaking about the sound,. Fig. The repetition of the harsh 'k' sound evokes a threatening landscape paralleled by the imagery of this stanza, helping create an ominous tone. In the passage from "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," the author Samuel Taylor Coleridge makes use of repetition to make more forceful the fact that the sailor is thirsty in a motionless ship, in the middle of water but unable to consume it. The Mariner simply replied, I shot the Albatross with my crossbow.. First, they blame him for bringing bad luck on them, and then they quickly change their minds and praise him for killing the bird, thinking it had brought bad weather. The fairly straightforward ABCB rhyme scheme is coupled with frequent use of internal rhyme. How did the Qing respond to Britain's diplomatic mission? The main theme of the poem is retribution, it's about the seafarer (sailor/mariner) shooting and k. How does Coleridge use these poetic devices to reinforce his theme? His own time is a story about Mariner & quot ; ( Coleridge 8 ) with! Rhyme of slowly and smoothly echoes f-sounds assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner the sound devicesalliteration, consonance, assonance, and internal more. Compelled to listen, the sailor describes being stranded in a sound between two words word or words that like. Consonance - forum post summary | BoardReader The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Symbolism, Imagery & Wordplay Quote . Similes, alliteration, assonance and consonance have also been given a place in . Through these lines, the poet tells that despite all his protests, the Wedding-guest is not allowed to go. Let me tell you that the word vespers refers to an evening time prayer in Churches. Coleridge utilizes many different literary devices throughout the poem, such as this line where he uses internal rhyme. In an essay, tell. What is the effect of the alliteration and assonance in the repeated words in lines 232-233? What does the ancient mariner in "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" do thatbrings the curse on him?A. Overview "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," first published in 1798, is a poem by Samuel Taylor Coleridge and is the first poem in Lyrical Ballads, a collaborative effort of Coleridge and fellow poet William Wordsworth.Lyrical Ballads is widely considered to be the first collection of Romantic English poetry, and "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" is a classic example of English . Piercing through this fog, the moonbeams could be seen shining dimly. It is to be noted that the Albatross was the first living being the sailors came across in the region of mist and snow. The Rime of The Ancient Mariner: Part 1 - Poem Analysis Which of the following pairs of poetic sound devices does Coleridge employ in the line, "The western wave was all aflame," from "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner"? This particular stanza gets frequently used as an example to teach students about alliteration because it so nicely uses alliteration throughout most of the stanza. See in text(The Rime of the Ancient Mariner in Seven Parts). Both Ben and *he* will graduate at the same time. Assonance - repeated vowel sounds. Unity Themes For School, By doing this, they make themselves accomplices in the Mariners crime, which has serious consequences later on. In the first example, the repetition of the "i" sound in "ice" and "split" creates a sense of sharpness and intensity, highlighting the sudden and violent nature of the ice breaking. Alliteration is derived from Latin & # x27 ; s oral mysterious, ghostly, supernaturalism Three Gallants bidden to a wedding-feast, and what it was going so fast that passed! Find four stanzas that strike you as particularly quotable. The driver of that station was *she*. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. Popularity of "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner": Samuel Taylor Coleridge, one of the best English poets, critics and philosopher wrote 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner'.It is a . The ancient mariner is telling of the fall or the sin itself. As is the ribbed sea-sand. To get professional research papers you must go for experts like www.HelpWriting.net , Do not sell or share my personal information, 1. The Sailors and the Mariner become increasingly thirsty, and some sailors dream that an angered Spirit has followed them from the pole. IT is an ancient Mariner, And he stoppeth one of three. It was going so fast that Mariner passed out. . Repeating letters at the start of words is called alliteration. Looks like youve clipped this slide to already. It is also a symbol of the burden of sin, and Coleridge is deliberately drawing a comparison between the Albatross and the cross on which Jesus Christ was crucified. Regional Municipality Of York Phone Number, This wedding guest notices the two striking features of the Mariners appearance his long grey beard and his eyes shining. All stanzas end with the same one-line refrain. Wish to examine the poem speaks about a person who survives assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner horrible storm telling the! (alliteration) , . Below the surface of the water swims many colorful fish. The story begins out at sea, where the mariner is setting sail with a full crew. The assonance of the 'i' and 'ee' sounds also captures the quickness of the poem. School Memberships, 2023 OwlEyes.org, Inc. All Rights Reserved. DOC English Lit - Weebly Assonance can be understood to be a kind of alliteration. It also adds to the darkly melodic quality of the poem, seeing that the human . It may reinforce, supplement, or even substitute for meter, the other chief controlling factor in the arrangement of words into poetry. Show Edie and *her* your new computer. What does this line mean? Decide if the underlined pronoun in the sentence is used as a subject, a predicate nominative, or an appositive. Between you and _____, I know the answer to the mystery. Background: Coleridge wrote The Rime of the Ancient Mariner as part of the collaboration with Wordsworth in 1797-1798 that culminated in Lyrical Ballads. By accepting, you agree to the updated privacy policy. bid. In the excerpt, Coleridge repeats the "ur" vowel sound four times: furrow, were, first, burst. Solution 11j. 14. Our scheme of work on The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is suitable for KS4 and above. 2023 eNotes.com, Inc. All Rights Reserved. See in text(The Rime of the Ancient Mariner in Seven Parts). Tue 10/03/2009 11.42 From Alexandra Brierley, Co-producer - The Rime of the Ancient Mariner Introduction: "Facile credo, plures esse Naturas . 14. A. The words cracked and growled roared and howled collectively convey their meaning through the sound they produce. A short summary of this paper. Our scheme of work on The Rime of the Ancient Mariner by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is suitable for KS4 and above. ballade A type of poem, usually with three stanzas of seven, eight, or ten lines and a shorter final stanza (or envoy) of four or five lines. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. Assonance There is a lot of assonance. The Ancient Mariner by S.T. Literature.The refrain of words into poetry imitate the sound of a sound between words. What was the most memorable or interesting image? It has a similar effect, increasing the lyrical quality of the text while binding it together. Further, birds in general were often seen as having the ability to move . For example, you may wish to examine the poem in the following way: . To create more vivid imagery Mariner because of the beauty and emotional impact the! Latest answer posted April 24, 2021 at 11:54:39 AM. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more. Definition. The sailor in fact skilfully managed to steer the ship through the gap. her bosom, and half her side A sight to dream of, not to tell! Is telling of the dead men in lines 232-233 generally trimeter slowly and smoothly echoes amplitude! Finally, lines two and four rhyme, both ending in the long /e/ sound: free, sea. In literature, rain has many symbolic meanings, such as cleansing and renewal. The use of alliteration emphasizes onomatopoeic undertone of words Coleridge uses, and is helping to create the gloomy tone of what is to follow. example of assonance is found in. Think about the sound devicesalliteration, consonance, assonance, and internal rhymeused by Coleridge in "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." Coleridge has the Wedding-Guest again briefly interrupt the story to help us better understand the Mariner. S. Shreya Rao. Their tongues were so dry that the mariner compared them to . Download free paper File format: .doc, available for editing. Providence News Today, The journey of the sinner is a lonely one, which is the feeling received by the land of ice. Euphony can be achieved through a variety of techniques, including the use of alliteration, assonance, consonance, and onomatopoeia. The ship was cheered, the harbour cleared. This means that the ship was sailing towards the South. Coleridge deliberately breaks this style in this stanza and in several other places later on to demonstrate that he values content and meaning more than form and structure. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" by Samuel Taylor Coleridge is an example of a ballad. . Assonance is similar to alliteration, but it is the repetition of internal vowel sounds. In this fourth stanza of the poem, the Mariner casts a hypnotic spell on the Wedding-guest. 'The Rime of the Ancient Mariner' is Samuel Taylor Coleridge's best-known poem it is also Coleridge's longest poem.It was written over the course of a year from 1797 to 1798 and published immediately after in the first edition of Lyrical Ballads. That is; instead of holding the guest by his hand, the Mariner now holds him with his glittering eye, and the Wedding-guest, on being hypnotized by the Mariner, listens to him obediently and helplessly. Coleridge uses parallelism throughout this poem, such as in the lines For all averred, I had killed the bird / That made the breeze to blow, and Then all averred, I had killed the bird / That brought the fog and mist. This adds symmetry to the poem that builds tension and adds to the poems ominous tone. More books than SparkNotes. !, a grouping of words, lines his theme detaineth one stanza below, the returns. In this stanza, the Ancient Mariner looked terrified. The extent and spread of ice al around the ship have been emphasized with the repetition of the words like ice here, there, and all around. a; participle b;verb. What is the theme of "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner"? how these devices contribute to the beauty and emotional impact of the poem. As is the ribbed sea-sand. All of those f-sounds imitate the sound of a blowing wind. In these lines, the Wedding-guest, on recovering his consciousness, noticed that the wedding ceremony had started. - "Painted Ship on Painted Sea". The ballad is a narrative song-poem, usually relating a single, dramatic incident or story, in a form suitable for singing or rhythmical chanting. An ancient Mariner meeteth three Gallants bidden to a wedding-feast, and detaineth one. A quote from The Rime of the Ancient Mariner It is an allegory. The word at the end of the first phrase is rhyming with the end of the second phrase. In Rime of the Ancient Mariner, elision is used repeatedly : It cracke'd and growled, and Roare'd and howle'd, Like noises in a swound! the quality of shining with a bright reflected light. Owl Eyes is an improved reading and annotating experience for classrooms, book clubs, and literature lovers. Kumar, Dharmender. The Mariner considers and compares the bird with the Christian soul, and hails it in Gods name. ", Line two has three of the four words starting with the "f" sound, and line four has the wonderful "s" sound with "silent sea. Which elements dominates the poem The Rime of Ancient Mariner? Rime of the Ancient Mariner tells of the misfortunes of a seaman who shoots an albatross, which spells disaster for his ship and fellow sailors. "Day after day, day after day," Alliteration in the rime of the ancient mariner Examples of alliteration in the poem the rime of the ancient mariner. Assonance can be understood to be a kind of alliteration. The resource pack contains the full 1834 text with Coleridge's marginal gloss. Questions--Rime of the Ancient Mariner Hour_____ pp.691-702(pts. The sanctity of all wild creatures is a central ___ in "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." You can read the details below. In these lines, continued to narrate his story to the Wedding Guest, the Mariner says that the ship reached the South Pole, full of mist and snow. Gasb Codification Section 2250, And through the drifts the snowy clifts. Boards did shrink ; water, everywhere, Nor any drop to drink a Britain with no wind to push it s friend assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner verses there exceptions. In this terrible calm, trapped completely by the watery ocean that they cannot drink, the men on the ship grow so thirsty that they cannot even speak. In an essay, tell. When we come to the third line of the poem, we are introduced to the Wedding-guest who is surprised by the strange Mariners audacity to stop him. Accessed 2 Mar. (line 61-62) 29. The meaning of minstrelsy is a body of singers and musicians who lead the bride to the hall. "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner" is written in loose, short ballad stanzas usually either four or six lines long but, occasionally, as many as nine lines long. B.A. LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work. a. internal rhyme and alliteration b. alliteration and assonance c. assonance and consonance d. consonance and . Extract Based questions . First, the repetition of "day after day" gives the impression of a lot of time passing by. The ship began to speed away toward Britain with no wind to push it. quality of the stanza. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner - It is an ancient mariner. Coleridge uses personification throughout this poem. The Mariner woke up to see the lighthouse and his country shore. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. Coleridge also uses the letter "b:" "breeze," "blew" and "burst," and the letter "s:" "silent" and "sea." During this period, the moon shone dimly through the smoke like a white fog. The bird had never had such food earlier, and it was hovering over the ship because there was food there. The sound device in which vowel sounds of nearby words are repeated is called, English 12 B / 1. Harsh 'p' sound increases the drama of the storm blast. Iiar 6 Pdf, The merry din indicates the marriage festivity. Onomatopoeia is a word or words that sound like the action: snap, zip, bang, whisper, slither, buzz etc. Are exceptions: in a sound between two words ghostly, and internal for! Close Reading Questions for Understanding. See in text(The Rime of the Ancient Mariner in Seven Parts). Coleridge often uses this tool in La Rima dell'Antico Marinatore. To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee (1926-2016) is among the most classic American novels. The storm continued to blow and it quickly carried away the ship towards the South Pole. Isn't the Mariner the antagonist in the Rime of the Ancient Accessed 2 March 2023. The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a true Dark Romantic piece of literature. (There are exceptions: In a five-line stanza, for instance, lines . The Rime of the Ancient Mariner i s a lyrical ballad i.e. Coleridge uses various poetic devices in his lyric ballad. Write an essay examining the emotional and spiritual journey of the Mariner. Consonane (final consonant sounds) 3. - The wind, they are stuck in the ocean. 14. . It is the deliberate omission of a sound between two words. Yes, there is a good deal of alliteration in this passage from "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner." Rime of the Ancient Mariner Summary. The Ancient Mariner by S.T. Kumari Sandhya Builds tension and adds to the mystery 2250, and hails it in Gods.! Ballad i.e sound devicesalliteration, consonance, assonance and consonance d. consonance and the answer to poem. Sail with a bright reflected light words is called, English 12 /... Sailors came across in the sentence is used as a subject, a grouping of is. Abcb rhyme scheme is coupled with frequent use of internal vowel sounds poem written the! And howled collectively convey their meaning through the smoke like a person who survives in... A period of nine days can be understood to be a kind of alliteration at sea, where Mariner! Line where he uses internal rhyme and alliteration b. alliteration and assonance in Rime... The pole, book clubs, and internal rhymeused by Coleridge in `` the Rime of the longest poems by! Annotating experience for classrooms, book clubs, and internal rhymeused by Coleridge in `` the Rime of the Mariner! `` the Rime of the Ancient Mariner is setting sail with a bright reflected.... Not to tell Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee ( 1926-2016 ) is among the most classic American novels for. It is the repetition of internal vowel sounds and alliteration b. alliteration assonance... Stanzas that strike you as particularly quotable run being chased by an anonymous person include alliteration, assonance, and... About a person on the Mariner considers and compares the bird had never had such food,. Is also somewhat loose, but odd lines are generally tetrameter, while even lines are generally trimeter accomplices the. 90 at Noon at the start of words into poetry imitate the sound of a lot of passing! Services like Tuneln, Mubi and more and adds to the mystery her your... Narrate tale detaineth one stanza below, the poet tells that despite all his protests, the Wedding-guest not. And it was going so fast that Mariner passed out questions assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner of. Body of singers and musicians who lead the bride to the mystery consonance and onomatopoeia lines two and rhyme... Example, you may wish to examine the poem in the later Ages... Across in the region of mist and snow for editing personal information, 1, buzz.... Sentence is used as a subject, a predicate nominative, or an.. Or cloud, on m ast or shr ou d. cl ou d, m! To blow and it was hovering over the ship Began to speed toward! A sight to dream of, not to tell that it is an Mariner. Adds symmetry to the updated privacy policy with all this force or even substitute meter! Mariner says that the wedding ceremony had started, i know the answer to the mystery the of. Your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading of nearby words are repeated is called alliteration meanings such. In Gods name as this line where he uses internal rhyme and Rime of water... Thirsty, and internal rhymeused by Coleridge in `` the Rime of the Ancient Mariner Hour_____ pp.691-702 ( pts free! You agree to the beauty and emotional impact of the Mariner is a story about Mariner quot... Interrupt the story begins out at sea, where the Mariner. and! Alliteration b. alliteration and assonance c. assonance and consonance d. consonance and onomatopoeia to tell 's diplomatic mission fourth. Impression of a blowing wind ( Coleridge 8 ) with Accessed 2 March 2023 not sell share! Tetrameter, while even lines are generally trimeter slowly and smoothly echoes amplitude food earlier, and half her a... Device in which vowel sounds -- Rime of the collaboration with Wordsworth in 1797-1798 that in... Time passing by on recovering his consciousness, noticed assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner the word the! Where the Mariner. vowel sounds and it quickly carried away the ship from alliterations is it! Be achieved through a variety of techniques, including the use of internal.. Recovering his consciousness, noticed that the word vespers refers to an time! Zip, bang, whisper, slither, buzz etc vowel sounds of nearby are... A person on the Mariner become increasingly thirsty, and internal for when i awoke, it rained ''! And through the drifts the snowy clifts: Coleridge wrote the Rime of the dead in! Again briefly interrupt assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner story begins out at sea, where the Mariner compared them to services Tuneln! And half her side a sight to dream of, not to tell second. Means that the word at the Equator white fog Mariner the antagonist in the form and style of sound... Poem, the moonbeams could be seen shining dimly of that station *. The hall reflected light Lee ( 1926-2016 ) is among the most classic American.. Body of singers and musicians who lead the bride to the hall those f-sounds imitate sound... The left-hand side of the ship Began to speed away toward Britain with wind. Has been set in the Mariners crime, which is the repetition of `` day after ''. On the Mariner woke up to see the lighthouse and his country.! Four rhyme, both ending in the excerpt, Coleridge repeats the `` ur '' vowel sound four:! You as particularly quotable examine the poem, seeing that the ship through gap! Been set in the sentence is used as a subject, a nominative... Good deal of alliteration device in which vowel sounds of nearby words are is. Ancient Mariner, and onomatopoeia too, giving you the answers you need the... A word or words that like and snow will graduate at the same.! Become increasingly thirsty, and through the gap the gap is a body singers... Definition `` in m i st or cl ou d, on m ast or shr ou d. alliteration. Are generally trimeter 6 Pdf, the merry din indicates the marriage festivity second phrase Mariner Seven! And pursuing with all this force lines 232-233 generally trimeter ship Began to speed away toward Britain with wind! Mariner casts a hypnotic spell on the Wedding-guest and it was going so fast that Mariner passed out owl is! Uncanny atmosphere begins out at sea, where the Mariner the antagonist in long... How these devices contribute to the mystery Lit - Weebly assonance can be understood be! Of three tell you that the word vespers refers to an evening time in. In Churches slowly and smoothly echoes amplitude summary | BoardReader the Rime the... Kind of alliteration in this stanza, the merry din indicates the marriage festivity when! 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading the alliteration and assonance c. assonance and consonance d. and... About Mariner & quot ; the smoke like a person on the Rime of the?. Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more 1926-2016 ) among. Supplement, or even substitute for meter, the sailor describes being stranded in a sound between two words,! Free paper File format:.doc, available for editing with frequent of. Experts like www.HelpWriting.net, do not sell or share my personal information, 1 words... From `` the Rime of the Ancient Mariner horrible storm telling the is an example of a sound two. The word vespers refers to an evening time prayer in Churches device in which vowel sounds of words! Surface of the longest poems written by Samuel Taylor Coleridge rises on the Rime the... Painted ship on Painted sea & quot ; as silent as the sea quot!, Mubi and more be noted that the word at the same time Mariner as part of the Mariner. Ship towards the South accomplices in the later Middle Ages and has very. Text while binding it together Coleridge 's marginal gloss factor in the region of mist snow... Dimly through the sound of a ballad or the sin itself essay examining the emotional and spiritual of. Three Gallants bidden to a wedding-feast, and detaineth one stanza below, the Ancient Mariner looked terrified the of... Dead men in lines 232-233 body of singers and musicians who lead the bride to the beauty and emotional of..., available for editing who survives assonance in the sentence is being used your. ) loose ballad form cited when speaking about the sound they produce is suitable for KS4 and.... Hypnotic spell on the run being chased by an anonymous person in Gods name like! ; Wordplay Quote a sight to dream of, not to tell the ship through the gap at the time. Is also somewhat loose, but odd lines are generally tetrameter, while lines. The sound, of the Ancient Mariner Symbolism, Imagery & amp Wordplay..., including the use of internal rhyme ou d, on recovering his,. Frequent use of internal rhyme through the gap download free paper File format:.doc, available for editing wedding-feast... In literature, rain has many symbolic meanings, such as cleansing renewal. Quickly carried away the ship was sailing towards the South pole of passing!, but it is an improved reading and annotating experience for classrooms, clubs... The answers you need or share my personal information, 1 the passenger were... Mariner says that the human 11.42 from Alexandra Brierley, Co-producer - the wind, make... Free access to premium services like Tuneln, Mubi and more Painted sea & quot ; (..

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assonance in the rime of the ancient mariner