This was confirmed by experience gained in the Chitral and Tirah expeditions of 1897/98 on the North West Frontier of India where the round nose ball round compared poorly against the .303 inch Dum Dum rounds specially issued in 1897. Although the factory was completed in 1816, it was not until the 1850s that it was in a position to produce large enough quantities of weapons to service the British military after mechanised machinery from the US was installed. CHINA is known to have produced some 7.7mm rimmed ammunition for use in captured Japanese machine guns from 1945 onwards. Incendiary B Mk 3, B Mk 4Z*, B Mk 6, B Mk 6Z. BPD Bombrini, Parodi et Delfino, Rome ITALY. ROF Brackla; Filling Factory No. 1763 The Greenwich magazine was moved to Purfleet. 1994 Town wins National Allotment Society Waterlow Trophy. This round had a nitro-cellulose powder charge with a 175 grain boat tailed, streamline, jacketed bullet having a muzzle velocity of 2550 feet per second. 1887 Report by Lord Morley's committee into the Manufacturing Departments of the Army, which consisted of 4 establishments: Woolwich, Waltham Abbey, Enfield and Birmingham; the committee made a number of recommendations for reorganisation, having taken account of modern industrial practices[4]. I remember lads coming home from Dunkirk, I helped WRVS to feed and sew stripes on their clothes. ROF Blackburn. This mark of bullet remained the standard ball round for the remainder of the .303 cartridges service life. text of this web site is available under the Creative Produced .303 Mk 7 ball ammunition in cases believed to be made by Eley. In 1923 only four houses were built and there was still massive overcrowding in back to back properties. 1987 Town wins National Allotment Society Waterlow Trophy. They had a filling factory at Abbey Wood and later during the 1939-45 war a filling factory at Farnham. Custom was when the boys used these parachutes successfully it was usual for them to send a letter of thanks and a present to whoever had packed the parachute as the girls would have their name and address inside the package. Even by 1938 the situation had improved little. Royal Ordnance Factory Leeds, first opened as a munitions factory in December 1915 and opened as an ROF in January 1936, was one of a number of Royal Ordnance Factories created at the start of the Second World War . The bullet to this round was designed to break up with a puff of smoke on impact with a target or the ground . 1970 Moor Grange sheltered accommodation completed. 1973 Spennymoor Town Council created a Successor Council. Following experimentation to increase the effectiveness of the ball cartridge the British Government adopted a 215 grain cupro-nickle jacketed hollow pointed bullet in 1897 as the Cartridge S.A. Ball .303 inch Cordite Mark III. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges: Ball, Mk 7 for 1914 1917 military contracts, Ball, Mk 7Z ( American WW2 Contract Pattern ). These should not be confused with the manufacturers identification code. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: MS Explosives Factory, Salisbury, AUSTRALIA. 1942 There were 42 Royal Ordnance factories at this time, of which 24 were engineering, 8 made explosives, and 10 were engaged in filling ordnance (these numbers seem to have been confused by the MP reporting these statistics). Royal Powder Mill Factory No 31. By Barry W. Gracia, An extensive website on the Vickers machine gun, Harrington Aviation Museum DropZone Newsletter, Identification Manuals Nos 1, 2, 3, and 4 on the .303 British Service Cartridge. Ammunition production ceased completely at Woolwich in 1957, the last known production of .303 ammunition there being Mk 7 Ball in 1957. On 16 October 1346 David of Scotland was encamped with a great army on the hills near Durham, and raiding bands under a Douglas had been terrorising the neighbourhood. The town was founded over 160 years ago. Brighter Days We had stirrup pumps to put out fires from Incendiary Bombs. Mon - Thurs 8:45 - 17:00, Fri 8:45 - 16:30 A or AI Artillerie Inrichtingen, Hembrug, NETHERLANDS. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded 7.7 x 56 M917 ball ammunition, which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridge, AF Small Arms Factory, Footscray, AUSTRALIA. manufacturing in Britain. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Tracer G Mk 2 (Australian Pattern) (projectiles were filled by MS at Salisbury). U = Utah Ordnance Plant - Salt Lake City, Utah. Royal Arsenal Factory No 1. One evening, in December 1940, when I . Cost 87,000. The Captain without thinking shouted 'shoot the bugger' and this is what the lads did and were in serious trouble. Floral waistcoats and ribboned hats were worn on these highly colourful occasions. A Pretoria West Metal Pressings Pty., Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA. PMP Pretoria Metal Pressings (Pty) Ltd., Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: y Toyokawa Naval Arsenal, JAPAN. 1909 Pavilion Roller Skating Rink (The Rink) built in Clarence Street. 1931 Road Tolls ceased at Page Bank Bridge. TW = Twin Cities Ordnance Plant - Minneapolis, Minnesota. 1855 The Ordnance Office was dissolved in 1855. Find out how you can use this. Solid Case, .303inch. Most countries do not, unlike Britain, identify the bullet by the headstamp, so such colour markings are often the only way to identify the bullet in use. Byers Green and Kirk Merrington redeveloped. Cases were supplied by MJ, Ball Mk 7 (loaded into cases with BVI head stamp). It is known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Ball, Cordite Mk 2, Mk 2 Special, Mk 6 and Mk 7. From 1918 to 1950 it had its own parliamentary constituency, from 1950 to 1974 it was in the Durham constituency and from 1974 to 1983 in the North West Durham constituency. Johnson, who made a fortune out of it. SR = Royal Ordnance Factory - Spennymoor, United Kingdom. The town of Spennymoor, and the villages of Byers Green, Kirk Merrington and Tudhoe, are in the North East of England, situated on high land above the south side of the Wear Valley between the City of Durham and Bishop Auckland. This factory was built in 1916 and was administered on behalf of the Government by the Birmingham Metal and Munitions Co. .303 cartridge production started in early 1918 and continued until late 1918 when the factory ceased production altogether. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded Imperial Japanese Navy Year Type 92 Machine Gun ammunition, which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: F or AF or SAAF Small Arms Ammunition Factory, Footscray, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA. The following types of .303 cartridges are known to have been produced during the period 1897 to 1919: Armour Piercing Mks VII.P, VII.W and VII.W.Z, Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Ballistite H Mk 1. When, in 1894, Spennymoor and its adjacent villages achieved a measure of self government on the Spennymoor Urban District Council, the new authority found itself facing a legacy of poor housing. To see the Manufactured .303 cartridges with this headstamp March 1925 to April 1926. Initially ICI Ltd were to have operated this plant but they were advised in 1940 of the change in plans and the factory was run as a Royal Ordnance Factory by the Ministry of Supply. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: AE Arsenal do Ejercito, Lisbon, PORTUGAL. Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield Factory No 2. This distinction was abandoned in May 1920 and thereafter all ball rounds had the purple annulus. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded 7.7 x 56R ammunition, which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: T.BLAND & SONS Commercial .303 ammunition loaded by T. Bland & Sons, London, UNITED KINGDOM in ball and sporting configurations. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 7 ( Canadian WW1 contract pattern ) 1914-16, Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 7Z ( Canadian Pattern ), Tracer G Mk 2Z, G Mk 4Z ( Canadian Pattern ). MEXICO Fabrica National de Munitions, Mexico City, MEXICO. ETHIOPA is known to have produced .303 ball cartridges c 1959, FINLAND is known to have produced .303 inch cartridges in various loadings including Armour Piercing, Ball, Incendiary, Tracer and Drill rounds, FRANCE manufactured several variants of the .303 cartridge, including: Ball, Tracer, Armour piercing, Armour piercing / Tracer and Incendiary rounds, IRAQ is known to have produced .303 Ball cartridges, ISRAEL is known to have manufactured .303 ball cartridges at the Government Arsenal, Tel Aviv, Israel. ROF Spennymoor; SAA Factory No. 10. Cases were made in Birmingham then assembled and loaded at the Abbey Wood Factory, next to Woolwich Arsenal. The comparative isolation of its moorland situation ended too with the opening of a branch railway from the mainline at Ferryhill in 1876. D, DF, N or S Indian Government Ammunition Factory, Dum Dum, Calcutta, INDIA. Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 ball cartridges for export pre 1939. Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded Imperial Japanese Navy Year Type 92 Machine Gun ammunition which is interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: ZV Zbrojovka Brno, Brno, CZECHOSLOVAKIA. Known to have produced .303 cartridges with this headstamp April 1921 to December 1923, although some also produced in March 1924. This became the Royal Small Arms Factory (Birmingham). 1931 Pilgrim Trust founds the Settlement. The company was formed in the early 1890s having acquired the Holford Works of the National Arms and Ammunition Company and was in existence for only a short time. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Ball, Mks 7 and 8Z. 8 ROF Beech Hill, Wigan ROF Birtley. It was selected to produce small arms ammunition as part of the 1939-1945 war emergency expansion plans. Steve 11-03-2014, 06:29 PM #3 lithoman Whitworth Hall severely damaged by fire. Royal Small Arms Factory Enfield Factory No 2. British military contracts 1914 1917, Ball, Mk 7Z (Canadian Pattern). The effect of the closure was relieved by the sinking of the Dean and Chapter colliery in 1904, but the reliance on this one basic industry was to persist until the 1960s. In 1918 this factory had the capacity to produce about 5.4 million rounds per month. M Nobel Explosives Ltd., Manchester, UNITED KINGDOM. HN Royal Ordnance Factory, Hirwaun, South Wales, UNITED KINGDOM. SIP - Royal Ordnance Pension Scheme - 2022. Neither Britons nor Romans cultivated the moor, but on the site of Binchester, a village five miles to the south-west, the Romans built a camp around which grew up the settlement of Vinovium. 1954 Middlestone Moor housing estate commenced. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: K4 Imperial Chemical Industries Kynoch factory at Yeading, Hayes, Middlesex, UNITED KINGDOM. By the end of 1963 over 1,120 sub-standard houses had been cleared and as many new Council houses built for letting whilst over 400 houses had been improved by grant aid. however, William allowed some of the previous owners to retain their lands, and one of these was Whittleworth now Whitworth whose first known proprietor was Thomas de Acle who held it in 1183. 1942 1942 1943 1944 Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland Tikkakoski was the first private arms manufacturer in Finland. . Post-War: many of the factories were closed, although some were reopened for the Korean war. We had evacuees in Spennymoor, these were from Gateshead and people were given 8/- a week to keep them in food, which today is 40p! Known to have produced nitro-cellulose loaded .303 cartridges in: Cartridge Rifle Grenade, H Mk 7Z, M11 and M12, FNM Fabrica Nacional de Municoes e Armas Legeiras, Moscavide, PORTUGAL. Known to have produced 7.7 x 56R ball cartridges, which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge. 102.56 KB. This factory was built in 1916 and was administered on behalf of the Government by the Kings Norton Metal Co. Production of .303 cartridges did not start until late 1918 and the production of all ammunition finally ceased in early 1919. G18F1 or C18F1 Government Cartridge Factory No 1, Blackheath, Staffs., UNITED KINGDOM. This cartridge is interchangeable with the .303 British cartridge. All these villages had common rights on the moor but, as it became denuded by increasing flocks, some of the local people were induced to relinquish their rights and so, gradually, the common became the property of just one owner Merrington Priory. World War II had diverse effects upon the town. Electric lighting for Spennymoor. You appear to have JavaScript disabled in your browser settings. Known to have manufactured .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 7Z ( Late Pattern ), Blank, Nitro-cellulose L Mk 5Z ( Canadian Pattern ). There was a glazeboard wad on top of the charge to protect the base of the bullet. The greatest project came with the development of the Tudhoe ironworks site 70 acres that was turned into the Bessemer Park Housing Estate. 1906 Birmingham Small Arms Co took over the Royal Small Arms Factory at Sparkbrook[5]. Originally colour markings arose from the need to make a quick visual check of the arrangements in a machine gun belt and they are now almost universally applied. Spennymoor Town Council, Her advance guards clashed with some of Douglas men near Ferryhill and chased them back to the bridge at Croxdale (Sunderland Bridge). 17. This factory made and marked cases but filling was carried out at the Royal Ordnance Factory Swynnerton, Staffs. Even before the big coal strike of 1926 the collieries had begun to close. Tudhoe football field created. 2. Durham Light Infantry Brigade had lots of men from Spennymoor were sent to Oxford to train for overseas, they were billeted in a brewery in Nook Norton. We used to shelter under the stairs during air raids. 1869 Shaft sunk at Tudhoe Grange Colliery. RA Raufoss Ammunisjonsfabrikker, Raufoss, NORWAY. Penny Rate Product 239. Known to have produced 7.7 x 56R cartridges which are interchangeable with the .303 cartridge in: RA Remington Arms Co.,Inc., Bridgeport, Conn., UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Quarter inch green band Canadian made tracer, Wide green band at equator of case Canadian made Match Ball (1922), Six purple bands around equator of case Canadian Match Ball (1926), Ball round with case blackened quarter inch back from the mouth Short Range Practice Mk 1 (1895 1897), or Mk 2 (1899 1912), Case completely blackened with brass dummy bullet Blank with mock bullet Mk 6, Blank case all black Rifle grenade blank Mk 2, Blank, front half black Rifle Grenade, Ballistite, Blank, front and rear thirds black Rifle grenade Mk 4 for Grenade No 85, Blank, rear half black Rifle grenade blank Mk 7z or Smoke discharger Mk 1T, Ball, reddened case Proof round Mks 1 to 3. Smart and Brown opens on Ordnance Factory site. VPT Valtion Patruunatehdas, Lapua, FINLAND. Commonly known locally as the "Fuse" or "Fuze", because the majority of components in production related to the fuse mechanisms used on most explosive devices at the time, bombs. It was intended as a training aid only, for the observation of long range shooting where accuracy of fire was not always easily defined, even if tracer ammunition was used. The Rise of Industry Population 22,000. The coal mining at Whitworth and a small foundry at Merrington Lane were the earliest industries, but in 1853 the Weardale Iron and Coal Company opened its great ironworks at Tudhoe. On top of these economic misfortunes came the terrible explosion at Tudhoe Colliery in 1882 when 37 lives were lost. This producer is now known as Metallwerk Elisenhutte GmbH Nassau. This company was already in existence but unconnected with ammunition manufacture when the 1939 1945 war broke out. Believed to have manufactured .303 ammunition as early as 1898 until 1918. Cordite consisted of 58% Nitro-glycerine, 37% Nitro-cellulose and 5% Mineral Jelly and was normally pressed into cord form but tubular, tape, flaked and sliced cordite were also used. I was an Air Raid Warden which meant seeing my workmates into the air raid shelter safely and staying with them until the air raid was over after the all clear siren. Set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plans. 1976 750,000 Spennymoor Recreation Centre opened. Spennymoor was ringed with collieries, black furnaces and coke ovens and the new prosperity showed itself in the building of better houses and in the opening of Co-operative stores. The Cleveland iron trade, which used the coal and coke produced at Spennymoor, was depressed. It stands above the Wear Valley approximately seven miles south of Durham. It began production of .303 ammunition in 1941 initially with the headstamp code of two arrows replacing these in 1942 with the code SR. Production of ammunition ceased in 1944. ROF Queniborough; Filling Factory No. During the battle, the prior from Durham and his monks knelt on a little hillock in the Shaw Wood and prayed for an English victory while holding aloft, impaled on a spear, the Holy Corporax Cloth from the Cathedral. 2002 Queen Elizabeth II Golden Jubilee, Parade of Golden Roses, Jubilee Park. I was chosen along with 2 other girls to visit Goosepool Aerodrome (now Durham/Tees Valley International Airport), where the Canadian airmen were stationed. B,J,M or N Birmingham Metal and Munitions Co Ltd., Birmingham, UNITED KINGDOM. Modern Spennymoor was built on mining and has its origins with the sinking of the Wittered pit in 1839. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Ball, Nitro-cellulose Mk 8Z ( Canadian Pattern ), Cartridge Rifle Grenade, Ballistite H Mk 1Z ( Canadian Pattern ), Tracer G Mk 2Z, G Mk 4Z, G Mk 6Z ( Canadian Pattern ). Beretta Group owns now the Tikka arms brand. Known to have produced .303 cartridges 1941 1945 in: RL Royal Laboratory, Woolwich Arsenal, Kent, UNITED KINGDOM. Used the monogram 1942 to 1945. A strike, which lasted 13 weeks, paralysed the area in 1892, although out of the enforced idleness came foundations of new growth, for the machinery at the Tudhoe Iron works was then renovated and a new mill laid down. Although the United States of America did not officially adopt a .303 rifle, it did produce, under the Lend Lease scheme of World War 2, nearly a third of the wartime production of No 4 rifles used by British troops. There is, however, space for expansion and land is available on the Green Lane Industrial Estate. When we arrived at Goosepool Mr Hosie was not allowed to enter the airport as it was strictly guarded. This factory was also set up as part of the 1939-45 war emergency expansion plans. Grace's Guide is the leading source of historical information on industry and Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: KF or K Indian Government Ammunition Factory Kirkee (or Kirkee Arsenal), near Poona, INDIA. 5. 8). 1972 Cambridge Theatre/Cinema destroyed by fire. Initial Radway Green production used a single arrow as the headstamp code and this was replaced in 1942 by the RG code. Archive List > United Kingdom > Wearside and County Durham, Submitted by Christine Rome at Spennymoor Library on behalf of Elizabeth Hodgson (ne Monaghan). 1916 Town Hall built at a cost of 18,000. 1942 1942 1943 1944 Tikkakoski Arsenal - Finland Tikkakoski was the first private arms manufacturer in Finland. This company was formed in 1890 at Kings Norton, it owned its own rolling mills and had a loading plant at Abbey wood in Kent. This company is believed to have manufactured .303 Ball, Blackpowder Mk 2 cartridges from 1890. 1969 Courtaulds Ltd. open spinning factory at Green Lane. 8; . Known to have manufactured nitro-cellulose loaded .303 Ball, Mk 7 cartridges. MKEMakina ve Kimya Endustrisi, Kuruma, TURKEY. FNT Fabrica Nacional de Espana, Palencia, SPAIN. Known to have produced .303 cartridges in: Short Range Practice ( New Zealand Pattern), 215 gr RNSP, 180 gr PSP, 180 gr HP, 174 gr PSP, 150 gr PSP, 130 gr PSP and 150 gr HP Sporting Ammunition, Mks 4 and 5 Big Game Exploder Sporting Ammunition. Dean & Chapter andMainsforth Collieries opened. Childrens play areas upgraded by the provision of safety surfacing at eight sites. Download. 1964 Black and decker open factory at Green Lane. 1890 Tudhoe Iron Works produced 50,000 tons of steel. manufacturing in Britain. In addition to colour coding, British and Commonwealth .303 ammunition had a letter code pre 1955 to denote the type of bullet as well as the type of propellant charge. Martha Liddle, J.P., was the first person from Spennymoor to be awarded the M.B.E. Known to have produced .303 ball cartridges for export. 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